The purpose of this study is to historically research into where the combat branch was exactly between Qaidu(海都) and Da Yuan(大元) Ulus military, which took place at the Altai Mountains in the eighth lunar month in 1301.
This researcher tried to generally reconstruct a historical situation in those days through a documentary research and an on-site survey in addition to where the last ferocious battlefield of Qaidu is located at Altai Mountains through the primary exploration in July 2013 and the secondary local field survey of Altai in Mongolia in July 2016. It directly performed a field survey on place names, which were confirmed through a documentary historical-source research, exactly examined many terrain features and locations in those places, and then strived to historically investigate correctly into whether all of “region(地域)ㆍhistorical source(史料)ㆍhistorical fact(史實)” are consistent. These primary and secondary field surveys were performed an investigation into the locally place names and terrain features of which he informed, in addition to the evidence of a native old villager of Kazakh named ‘Temerzan Babakhan’.
Synthetically analyzing through this, its historical region is comparatively determined as the whole area of Delüün Sum in Bayan-ölgii Aimag of the current Mongolian country. In other words, based on the center of Delüün Sum, it is consistent in “鐵堅古ㆍ迭怯里古ㆍ帖堅古 = Tegelkū” with Delüün uul(Дэлүүн уул; in Mongolian), “合剌合塔ㆍ哈剌答 = Qarāltū” with Qar qad(Хар хад; in Mongolian), and “兀兒禿 = Urtu” with Urt salaa(Урт салаа; in Mongolian) region.

1 김장구, "쿠빌라이칸 正權과 몽골帝國의 발전" 41 : 2005

2 김호동, "쿠빌라이 카안의 大臣들 ― 『五支派(Shu‛ab-i panjgāna)』에 수록된 쿠빌라이 카안의 大臣(amīr) 名單 분석 ―" 동양사학회 (125) : 219-249, 2013

3 류병재, "카이두 올로스 성립에 있어 탈라스 코릴타의 역할" 한국몽골학회 (18) : 169-199, 2005

4 류병재, "카이도의 가계(家系)와 초기 성장과정 연구" 한국몽골학회 (48) : 47-75, 2017

5 류병재, "카이도 휘하의 제왕(諸王)과 대신(大臣)" 한국몽골학회 (39) : 65-113, 2014

6 Rashīd ad-Dīn, "이스탄불 톱카프 도서관 소장본 : Revan Köşkü 1518"

7 김호동, "아틀라스 중앙유라시아사" 사계절 2016

8 라시드 앗 딘, "부족지 2002, 칭기스칸기 2003, 칸의 후예들 2005" 사계절

9 김호동, "몽골제국과 고려– 쿠빌라이 정권의 탄생과 고려의 정치적 위상-" 서울대학교 출판부 2007

10 마르코 폴로, "동방견문록" 사계절 2000

11 류병재, "동·서 올로스 반란에 대한 쿠빌라이의 대응 ― 나얀과 카이도의 난을 중심으로 ―" 한국몽골학회 (34) : 133-179, 2013

12 虞集, "道園學古錄 , 四部叢刊初編" 据商务印书馆 1926

13 Jamāl Qarshī, "賈瑪爾․喀爾施和他的 蘇拉赫詞典補編" (11) : 1987

14 劉迎勝, "論塔剌思會議" 4 : 1992

15 陳得芝, "蒙文史研究叢稿" 人民出版社 2005

16 설배환, "蒙·元제국 쿠릴타이(Quriltai)연구" 서울대학교 2016

17 愛宕松男, "紀元二千六百年記念史學論文集" 內外出版印刷 1941

18 "皇輿全覽圖"

19 惠谷後之, "田村博士頌壽 東洋史論叢" 同朋舍 1968

20 徐黎麗, "海都與窩闊台汗國的興衰" (4) : 2000

21 賈叢江, "海都與窩闊台汗國的創建" (4) : 1999

22 村岡 倫, "海都與突兒斯坦 ; 再論塔剌思忽里台大會" 189-192, 1986

23 箭內 亘, "海都の叛いた年次" 1930

24 劉迎勝, "從北平王到北安王—那木罕二三題—" 21 : 2009

25 任崇嶽, "從兩通元代碑文看“ 海都之亂”的性質" (5) : 1996

26 劉迎勝, "察合台汗國史硏究" 上海古籍出版社 2006

27 王晓欣, "合失身份及相关问题再考" 10 : 2005

28 邱轶皓, "合失生母小考" (3) : 2012

29 刘晓, "合失卒年小考" (2) : 2007

30 李修生, "全元文" 鳳凰出版社(原江蘇古籍出版社) 2004

31 周淸澍, "元蒙史札" 內蒙古大學出版社 2001

32 "元朝名臣史略" 中華書局 1996

33 邱樹森, "元史辭典" 山東敎育出版社 2002

34 "元史" 中華書局 1976

35 김호동, "元代의 漢文實錄과 蒙文實錄 ― 『元史』 「本紀」의 中國中心的 一面性의 解明을 위하여 ―" 동양사학회 (109) : 141-189, 2009

36 黨寶海, "元代火州之戰年代辯正" 3 : 2002

37 刘晓, "也谈合失" (2) : 2006

38 譚其驤, "中國歷史地圖集 元·明時期, 第七冊" 中國社會科學院 1982

39 魏嵩山, "中國歷史地名大辭典" 廣東敎育出版社 1995

40 田村實造, "中國征服王朝の硏究 中" 東洋史硏究會 1968

41 楊耐思, "中原音韵音系" 中国社会科学出版社 1981

42 松田孝一, "ユブグル等の元朝投降" 4 : 1984

43 本田實信, "モンゴル時代史硏究" 東京大學出版會 1991

44 杉山正明, "モンゴル帝國と大元ウルス" 京都大學學術出版會 2004

45 村岡 倫, "シリギの亂-元初モンゴリアの爭亂-" 24․25 : 1985

46 村岡 倫, "カイドゥと中央アジア-タラスのクリルタイをめぐって-" 30․31 : 1988

47 松田孝一, "カイシャンの西北モンゴリア出鎮" (64) : 1982

48 村岡 倫, "オルダウルスと大元ウルス-<カイドゥの亂>․<シリギの亂>をめぐって-" 52․53 : 1999

49 村岡 倫, "オゴデ=ウルスの分立" 39 : 1992

50 류병재, "“탈라스 코릴타이” 성립배경 연구" 백산학회 (97) : 237-267, 2013

51 叢海平, "‘黑城出土文書’所見海都之亂時期亦集乃路的軍糧供給" (4) : 2009

52 Michal Biran, "Warfare in Inner Asian History" Brill Leiden Boston Köln 2002

53 Hodong Kim, "The Unity of the Mongol Empire and Continental Exchanges over Eurasia" 1 : 2009

54 Michal Biran, "Qaidu and the Rise of the Independent Mongol State in Central Asia" Curzon Press 1997

55 Paul Pelliot, "Notes on Marco Polo, 3 Vols" Imprimerie nationale 1959

56 Henry H. Howorth, "History of the Mongols from 9th to the 19th century, The Mongols Proper and Kalmuks" Longmans, Green, and Co. 1876

57 d’Osson, Constantine M., "Histoire des Mongols, depuis Tchiguiz-Khan jusqu’a Timour bey ou Tamerlan, 4 Vols" Amsterdam 1834

58 Khvāndamir, Wheeler M, "Habibu's-siyar, Mass. : Dept. of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations" Harvard University 1994

59 Hammer-Purgstall, "Geschichte Wassaf's, persisch herausgegeben und deutsch übersetzt, Band.Ⅰ" Wien 1856

60 J.W. Dardess, "From Mongol Empire to Yüan Dynasty" 30 : 1972

61 V.V. Barthold, "Four Studies on the History of Central Asia, vol. Ⅰ" E. J. Brill 1956

62 George Lane, "Early Mongol rule in thirteenth century Iran : A Persian renaissance" RoutledgeCurzon 2003