This manuscript was written to watch the landscape concept and landscape literature of literary men belonged to Jangdong, Kim Moon, in 17th century ~ 18th century. To perform this purpose, among the persons who saw the sight of landscape a lot, retiri...
This manuscript was written to watch the landscape concept and landscape literature of literary men belonged to Jangdong, Kim Moon, in 17th century ~ 18th century. To perform this purpose, among the persons who saw the sight of landscape a lot, retiring to their hermitages in the nature, I set the persons who influenced on the era. With the related people to the above persons, called into question that study on the literature history in 17th century ~ 18th century was put value on the brothers, Kim Chang-hyeob and Kim Chang-heub, and set Kim Soo-jeung, who is their big uncle, and Kim Won-hang, who is their grandson, as the target of this study.
17th century is very unique for the ideology in the late Choseon dynasty. Each party was searching for different ideological alternative during the overcoming period after Japanese Invasion of Korea in 1592 and the Manchu war in 1636, and unavoidable conflict occurred during this period. This kind of conflict occurred from the inside of Seoin party. This ideological conflict was existed in Seoin party which took over the reins of government after King, Injo, dethroned the existed king. Seoin was finally divided into Handang, Sandang, Nohron and Sohron.
Nohron lead the political situation of Choseon in 17th century ~18th century. On the base of strong political power, ideological foundation such as Yeron and Uiriron was imbedded. With the base of scholastic influence, literary men of Nohron took over whole the culture system. Jangdong. As Kim Moon belonged to the core family of Nakron in Nohron, he showed political power. In understanding Chung dynasty, Anti-Chung ideology was expanded again that had been presented in 17th century. However, as people communicated with Chung more and more, and reigned over the nation as Kyeonghwa-sajok (a group who admires and learn Chung dynasty), they had a lot of chance to experience Chung's civilization. Upon this opportunity, they became more flexible for the ideology than Horon party which emphasized on spiritual enlightenment.
Kim, Soo-jeung tried to understand landscape as a practical factor, retiring to the hermitage at Gokwoongoogok. Also, he tried to apply the landscape to the paradigm of his recognition through a naming process and didn't consider the landscape as the target of a pleasure trip. Through his works, he configured simple life at the mountain to various long pieces of sequential poem. Also, as I consider his works when he got old, he expressed lamentation about life. At a late date, his works were changed into the memory for Kim, Sang-heon, and the subjects that he encouraged his children. Moreover, I can comprehend his works contained Neo-Confucianism through landscape.
Kim, Chang-hyeob left several pieces of writing about landscape. We can know he recognized landscape as a mean for training of his own character. So, he urged we should understand the principle of nature, not appreciate the outer figure of landscape. Landscape literature was written when he retired to the hermitage at Nong-am after Kisawhangook. He expressed his will to continue his hermitage through his admiration for some hermits. Also, through valuation of landscape, he selected what was good among the works that landscape was expressed to find Confucian value, and the profound secrets of Nature from the natural features of the landscape and season.
Kim, Chang-heub tried to appreciated landscape with intuitional attitude. Especially, he retired to the hermitage in Samboo Pond of Cheolwon area and Seorak Mountain. His will to continue his hermitage at the poor places was reflected on the poem that he wrote. On the other hand, he tried to follow Kim, Soo-jeung and Kim, Si-seub as role models of hermitage. He tried to apply the themes that he met with at his hermitry and realize what he went through the intuition for the substances.
Kim, Won-hang was a typical scholar who represented Nakron in Nohron from the brothers, Kim Chang-hyeob and Kim Chang-heub, to Lee, Jae. He was borne as a grandson of Kim, Chang-jib in 1702 (28th years of king, Sookjong) and concentrated learning, yielding imperial examination after going through Sinimwhangook. Although he was a Confucian, he tried to express any excitement while touring much landscape. Also, He emphasized on expressing any fundamental status rather than tones & rhythms from his poem. Moreover, he summarized his ideology as "For the life at the forest"," Admiration for saint" and "Theme for Taoism". Even though he song landscape, and natural features of the landscape and season, he talked about the hidden means behind those rather than song landscape itself.
In the landscape literature, the historical mean of literature lies on the next factors; (1) It was embedded as literature works, typical Confucian hermit through affirmative expression for the origin (2) Landscape literature was designed to be prosperous through perfect description for the real scenery. (3) The natural features of the landscape and season were considered as the order system of Taoism.