This thesis is a comparative study of human understanding of C. G. Jung, Toegye Lee Hwang, and Matthew Fox, through which self-realization needed for pastoral counseling is examined. Although there is a difference in the scholastic characteristics of ...
This thesis is a comparative study of human understanding of C. G. Jung, Toegye Lee Hwang, and Matthew Fox, through which self-realization needed for pastoral counseling is examined. Although there is a difference in the scholastic characteristics of their understanding of the mankind, they share a common view of the inherent human possibilities and realization of it. According to Jung, all men have an unconscious desire to live as a whole being. He believed that this desire comes from one of the most fundamental archetypes of collective unconscious, ''The Self''. ''The self'' allows men to become a whole being. Jung referred to the process of self realization as individuation.Individuation is a process of sinking into one''s inner world in an effort to recognize one''s inherent possibilities, and the self consciousness putting this possibility into action. Through the individuation process where the attention is transferred from outside to inside, height to depth, ego to the self, conscious to unconscious, bi-polar factors are integrated, the conscious and unconscious come together and become a whole. This is what self realization is. The resource of self realization is ''the self'', inherent and universal to all mankind.Toegye believed that all objects, including man, are made up of ultimate principle and external form. Internal, ultimate principle is intrinsic in all men. The harmony of the principle and action is ''self realization'', according to Toegye. In the process of self-realization, Toegye emphasized gradual effort and moral training in putting internal principles into action. Self-realization should undergo a process of clear recognition of one''s internal principles and then putting it into action. Toegye called the training of recognizing the inherent principle ''gung li''(窮理). ''Gung li'' is needed to recognize the most fundamental principles of objects. Toegye believed that one must find the principles that lies in knowledge and other objects