In this paper, it is crucial to identify the difference between distribution area of prestige and exchange range of the pottery association based on the archaeological data excavated from northeastern China around Giljiang district from 4th century B....
In this paper, it is crucial to identify the difference between distribution area of prestige and exchange range of the pottery association based on the archaeological data excavated from northeastern China around Giljiang district from 4th century B.C. to 4th century A.D. Accordintg to this the developmental process of Puyǒ network and the formation mechanism of Puyǒ political community can be recognized.
The first reason why it is important to compare the difference between pottery cultural area and the exchange area of prestige is because unified pottery patterns throughout entire domain are not visible at the level of an early country similar to Puyǒ. Puyǒ did not form a state by the process of territorialization, which takes control over the provinces, but through an union of independent political entities by "the corporate political strategy." In contrast to the centralized countries, the center’s pottery form found it difficult to replace the pottery form in other regions.
And second is that Giljiang district was not a major area in Gojoseon’s exchange network of prestige. Based on archaeological data, it can be assumed that Giljang district was influenced to some extent by the sacrificial networks which was occupied by Gojoseon, but did not actively participate in the prestige exchange network led by Gojoseon. However, similar types of Earrings or swords are found in Giljang area in 3rd century B.C., which is the period between the collapse of Gojoseon's prestige network and at the same time when Puyǒ is believed to be built. Through these circumstantial clues, a prestige exchange network formed in this region with a rise of Puyǒ political organization can be inferred.
In this paper, the type classification of pottery and prestige was carried out and the total number of subregion were distinguished by the time period. Regions of period Ⅰ was classified with two subregions. And during Ⅰ period there was transition from the xidansan culture to the early Iron Age culture. In addition, This period was the periphery of the prestige exchange network of bronze mirror and mandolin-shaped daggers,
Regions of Ⅱ period includes three subregions, and the culture of mandolin-shaped daggers and the nomadic culture of Xiongnu in Liaoxi region has spread throughout this area. Given that the area where Antenna-Shaped Daggers appear first in northeastern China is Giljang District, the elite group of the region, which is later united as a Puyǒ political entity, had sought to strengthen relations between the regions by choosing a new type of Antenna-Shaped Daggers rather than a nearby mandolin-shaped daggers.
The III period has four subregions, and the similarity of prestige shows that it is the time when Puyǒ politics began to work as a state. Lastly, IV period has spanned from 3rd to 4th century A.D., which is the period when the sites of Puyǒ fall sharply in Giljang district. Although the Puyǒ sites are not found internally during this period, they are found from distant land, such as Inner Mongolia and the Korean Peninsula.
Based on the time and space distribution of sites and artifacts, the prestige exchange network was divided into a small region network, a medium-distance and a long network. In addition, visibility varies from time to time in the archaeological culture.
In conclusion, the study of internal and external exchange networks of Puyǒ enabled us to identify the local self-government of Puyǒ. The Puyǒ political system was maintained as a political relationship between the elite group and of the middle-range groups. Also, unlike the way these aspects being addressed in the literature history study, in this paper I wanted to show that according to archaeological data, a local government of Puyǒ was a community of collective communities which existed before the formation of the state, acting as a hub for transportation and foreign relations resulting into a center of government after resources were gradually concentrated.